{"id":29262,"date":"2023-09-06T15:59:44","date_gmt":"2023-09-06T15:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/?p=29262"},"modified":"2023-09-07T08:21:45","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T08:21:45","slug":"producing-fodder-locally-a-technical-and-economic-advantage-for-tunisian-livestock-farmers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/en\/producing-fodder-locally-a-technical-and-economic-advantage-for-tunisian-livestock-farmers\/","title":{"rendered":"Producing fodder in-farm: a technical and economic advantage for Tunisian livestock farmers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-7420270dda896a7728e3c90b94d24f81 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7we7ia-dcc833b2f63b34833504adf972917903 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Many Tunisian farmers purchase feed concentrates for their livestock, and are therefore partly dependent on imported raw materials. This raises economic, technical and environmental issues. Between shortages, rising or unstable prices and doubts about concentrates quality, ensuring stable, high-quality feed is a real challenge for Tunisian livestock farmers.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class='flex_column_table av-av_two_third-8ba1975259f4e9ea303cd22d8ea64007 sc-av_two_third av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-av_two_third-8ba1975259f4e9ea303cd22d8ea64007 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wl5bg-daa48afedd70b970444c33569d3fca19 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Despite sub-humid or arid\/semi-arid climatic conditions and different types of livestock farming, with or without rangelands for example, livestock farmers in the North and Centre share the objective of gaining independence in feeding their livestock, of reducing its costs and improving its efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to improving nutritional values, certain crops may have the advantage of requiring fewer inputs, being more resilient, requiring less water, benefiting soil fertility&#8230; With drought so prevalent in Tunisia, water requirements and plant resistance are factors that can have a direct impact on production profitability.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_image-7d3080ef21109b6fa801af2703bd0536\">\n.avia-image-container.av-av_image-7d3080ef21109b6fa801af2703bd0536 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-av_image-7d3080ef21109b6fa801af2703bd0536 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-av_image-7d3080ef21109b6fa801af2703bd0536 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_hr '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-29122 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-29122 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-1030x478.jpg\" alt='' title='tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3'  height=\"478\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-1030x478.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-300x139.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-768x357.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-1536x713.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-1500x697.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-390x181.jpg 390w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3-1320x613.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-11-conseil-centre-semis-vesce-avoine-3.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-891fbe8c79536305d98b6038cc95e196\">\n.hr.av-av_hr-891fbe8c79536305d98b6038cc95e196 .hr-inner{\nwidth:5px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-891fbe8c79536305d98b6038cc95e196 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wly52-30fb447c949970c265e75850d1808c06 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>By locally growing fodder, farmers can reduce the amount of feed they buy, cut breeding costs, improve feed quality, and better forecast and manage their stocks. By producing part of their own forage, farmers can therefore optimize the management and productivity of their dairy and suckling farms.<\/p>\n<p>With this in mind, since 2017, sheep breeders from GDAEBN, Fert&#8217;s partner organization, have been testing forage associations, i.e. meslin (cereals, legumes, protein crops) in partnership with INRAT (Institut National de Recherche Agronomique de Tunis). Since 2021, Fert has also been supporting sheep and cattle farmers in the Centre (usually members of SMSA Amal) in testing meslin and forage crops.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-6bec9e68e07179e1011f393ae7f62764\">\n#top .hr.av-av_hr-6bec9e68e07179e1011f393ae7f62764{\nmargin-top:0;\nmargin-bottom:0;\n}\n.hr.av-av_hr-6bec9e68e07179e1011f393ae7f62764 .hr-inner{\nwidth:5px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-6bec9e68e07179e1011f393ae7f62764 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_slideshow_accordion  avia-builder-el-last  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b\">\n.avia-accordion.av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b{\nmax-height:375px;\n}\n.avia-accordion.av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b .aviaccordion-preview{\nwidth:50.1%;\n}\n.avia-accordion .aviaccordion-slide.av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b__0{\nleft:0%;\n}\n.avia-accordion .aviaccordion-slide.av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b__1{\nleft:50%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  id=\"accordion_slider_1\"  class='aviaccordion avia-accordion av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b aviaccordion-title-on-hover av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once ' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;}\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Blog\" ><ul class=\"aviaccordion-inner\"><li class='aviaccordion-slide av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b__0 aviaccordion-slide-1' data-av-left='0'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><a class='aviaccordion-slide-link noHover' href=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-1030x984.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-1030x984.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-768x734.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-1536x1468.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-2048x1957.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-1500x1434.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-390x373.jpg 390w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\"  title=\"association \u00e0 base de vesce avoine en pluvial dans le nord_3\" ><div class='aviaccordion-preview '><div class=\"aviaccordion-preview-title-pos\"><div class=\"aviaccordion-preview-title-wrap\"><div class=\"aviaccordion-preview-title\"><h3 class='aviaccordion-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >Rainfed vetch-oat association in northern Tunisia<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"710\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/association-a-base-de-vesce-avoine-en-pluvial-dans-le-nord-3-710x375.jpg\" class=\"aviaccordion-image\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/li><li class='aviaccordion-slide av-lm7wpg29-281101c7a2aa61382913059eb4e9d37b__1 aviaccordion-slide-2' data-av-left='50'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><a class='aviaccordion-slide-link noHover' href=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-1030x989.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-1030x989.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-300x288.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-768x738.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-1536x1475.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-2048x1967.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-1500x1441.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-390x375.jpg 390w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\"  title=\"fauche de luzerne de gab\u00e8s dans le centre\" ><div class='aviaccordion-preview '><div class=\"aviaccordion-preview-title-pos\"><div class=\"aviaccordion-preview-title-wrap\"><div class=\"aviaccordion-preview-title\"><h3 class='aviaccordion-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >Mowing alfalfa from Gabes in the center of Tunisia<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"710\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/fauche-de-luzerne-de-gabes-dans-le-centre-710x375.jpg\" class=\"aviaccordion-image\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='aviaccordion-spacer' style='padding-bottom:52.816901408451%'><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_third-d43f5421c3a0f44578df27d8cb50cbd1\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_third-d43f5421c3a0f44578df27d8cb50cbd1{\nborder-width:2px;\nborder-color:#16b478;\nborder-style:inset;\nborder-radius:50px 50px 50px 50px;\npadding:20px 30px 20px 30px;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_third-d43f5421c3a0f44578df27d8cb50cbd1 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_two_third  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-36027428535318a7e5ee62ef0e8fabc8\">\n#top .hr.av-av_hr-36027428535318a7e5ee62ef0e8fabc8{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.hr.av-av_hr-36027428535318a7e5ee62ef0e8fabc8 .hr-inner{\nwidth:2px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-36027428535318a7e5ee62ef0e8fabc8 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-10  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#16b478;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:before{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:after{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lm7wtj4l-e1e3b330d66112509b246c3479ceedf0 av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote elegant-quote elegant-centered  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  ><span class=\"heading-wrap\">Who ? <\/span><\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wtbln-951513218a6002c5e80679ab1ea88c06 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>30<\/strong> GDAEBN farmers and <strong>25<\/strong> Msaken farmers grow and\/or test meslin and other forage crops<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-4d8451a072f39cf96b3c9c453465b3ea\">\n#top .hr.av-av_hr-4d8451a072f39cf96b3c9c453465b3ea{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:10px;\n}\n.hr.av-av_hr-4d8451a072f39cf96b3c9c453465b3ea .hr-inner{\nwidth:10px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-4d8451a072f39cf96b3c9c453465b3ea hr-custom  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_heading  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#16b478;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:before{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:after{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lm7wtpwv-502b1864ca7c8d644f1a2a0ec518e6d7 av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote elegant-quote elegant-centered  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  ><span class=\"heading-wrap\">What ? <\/span><\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wtvqj-1d43573aa751185ecbb915090130466d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Associations and forage crops tested since 2017<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vetch-oats<\/li>\n<li>Vetch-triticale-oat<\/li>\n<li>Vetch-triticale<\/li>\n<li>Vetch-barley<\/li>\n<li>Triticale-lathyrus<\/li>\n<li>Oat-protein pea<\/li>\n<li>Triticale-oats-fenugreek<\/li>\n<li>Gab\u00e8s alfalfa<\/li>\n<li>Forage sorghum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Other forage species to be tested in the Centre<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Perennial wheat<\/li>\n<li>Atriplex<\/li>\n<li>Cocksfoot<\/li>\n<li>Panicum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#16b478;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:before{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:after{\nborder-color:#16b478;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lm7wv0gz-11f97394937956f034304911e240af27 av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote elegant-quote elegant-centered  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  ><span class=\"heading-wrap\">Why ?<\/span><\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wvux7-c0315aa2dba9e139bd67ebb0de011619 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>In the Center, many farmers buy oat hay from the North, at a price ranging from <strong>14 to 26 TND per bale (\u20ac4.25 and \u20ac8),<\/strong> whereas producing a bale of vetch-oat can cost less than <strong>10 TND (\u20ac3)<\/strong> with a better nutritional value.<\/p>\n<p>In the North, producing a bale of vetch-triticale-oat hay cost an average of <strong>8 TND (\u20ac2.5)<\/strong> in 2023; depending on the rations chosen, one hectare of cultivated land can save the farmer <strong>1500 TND (\u20ac460)<\/strong> in concentrate feed.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div class='flex_column_table av-av_one_half-df0c48d8a94ce556720768849ae67884 sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-av_one_half-df0c48d8a94ce556720768849ae67884 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wq2c1-a0cf51c14828d7e8a0c0b8b9de08f0ce '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Meslins provide solutions, but challenges remain, including :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Finding a forage mix suited to soil and climate conditions, seed availability, species complementarity and high nutritional value<\/li>\n<li>Careful sowing: as seeds differ in weight and size, it is important to ensure an even sowing<\/li>\n<li>Optimize irrigation when used; this has led some farmers to choose alfalfa rather than meslin<\/li>\n<li>Mow at the right time<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>GDAEBN, INRAT and Fert help farmers analyze these various parameters to determine the most advantageous meslin or forage, and optimize their management.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-av_one_half-690ccb7c49e0b924437f49b53a34614c av_one_half  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_image-ceef2eebb3f00b3b2a34915a2fce63c5\">\n.avia-image-container.av-av_image-ceef2eebb3f00b3b2a34915a2fce63c5 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-av_image-ceef2eebb3f00b3b2a34915a2fce63c5 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-av_image-ceef2eebb3f00b3b2a34915a2fce63c5 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-21  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-29104 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-29104 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-1030x773.jpg\" alt='' title='tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine'  height=\"773\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-1500x1125.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/tun-2021-10-conseil-centre-preparation-vesce-avoine-390x293.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-0368192507abddbcef726afb7bf90e18\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-0368192507abddbcef726afb7bf90e18{\nheight:70px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0368192507abddbcef726afb7bf90e18 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-51d0bca3bc1c2f10376b08c37532115f\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-51d0bca3bc1c2f10376b08c37532115f{\nborder-width:3px;\nborder-color:#ffffff;\nborder-style:dotted;\npadding:40px 40px 40px 40px;\nbackground-color:#16b478;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-51d0bca3bc1c2f10376b08c37532115f av_one_full  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:before{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:after{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lm7wraje-a6460cc0ecf65099560385df80df1f86 av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading  avia-builder-el-24  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Marc WITTERSHEIM\u2019s support<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wr0cp-da00398fa5d741af35d401cb8b110f7f\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-lm7wr0cp-da00398fa5d741af35d401cb8b110f7f .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lm7wr0cp-da00398fa5d741af35d401cb8b110f7f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Since 2021, Marc WITTERSHEIM, Fert member and Dairy Production Advisor &#8211; retired from the BTPL, has been supporting Tunisian advisors in the development of livestock advisory services, both remotely and during field missions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>On technical aspects: herd feeding, meslin, housing, rearing young animals, milk recording, growth recording, etc.<\/li>\n<li>On methodological aspects: exchange and advice with breeders, group facilitation, organization of advice, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8\">\n#top .avia-testimonial-wrapper.av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8 .avia-testimonial-content{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n#top .avia-testimonial-wrapper.av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8 .avia-testimonial-name{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n.avia-testimonial-wrapper.av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8 .avia-testimonial-subtitle{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n.avia-testimonial-wrapper.av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8 .avia-testimonial-link{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n.avia-testimonial-wrapper.av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8 .avia-slideshow-controls{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-testimonial-wrapper av-lm7wsnd2-73ae21646eaa5dd7dad00bb6a2e30ca8 avia-grid-testimonials avia-grid-2-testimonials avia_animate_when_almost_visible' >\n<section class=\"avia-testimonial-row\"><div class='avia-testimonial av-lm7wsbh3-9530b54697d44cda75fe765300323aa4 avia-testimonial-row-1 avia-first-testimonial flex_column no_margin av_one_half'><div class='avia-testimonial_inner'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia-testimonial-image'  itemprop=\"image\" ><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-180x180.jpg\" class=\"attachment-square size-square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim-390x390.jpg 390w, https:\/\/www.fert.fr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/marc-witterhseim.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/><\/div><div class='avia-testimonial-content av_inherit_color'><div class='avia-testimonial-markup-entry-content'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><em>&#8220;In both zones, I meet breeders who want to be more autonomous when it comes to buying feed, and who are curious to try out forages with which they are unfamiliar. Changing habits remains a challenge. In the center region, for example, growing forage under olive trees is not always well received, even though it could be a way forward, inspired by agro-forestry. Beyond the production of forage, the objective remains the improvement of animal production, so we still need to work on integrating it into rations. On all these aspects, exchange visits organized by the technical teams are tools to convince and exchange ideas, which is the basis of Fert&#8217;s pedagogy.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"avia-testimonial-meta\"><div class=\"avia-testimonial-arrow-wrap\"><div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class='avia-testimonial-meta-mini'  itemprop=\"author\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Person\" ><strong  class='avia-testimonial-name'  itemprop=\"name\" >Marc WITTERSHEIM<\/strong><span  class='avia-testimonial-subtitle av_opacity_variation'  itemprop=\"jobTitle\" >Fert member, retired from BTPL<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-d59d8ece4cd980dcdb5345b18488b3e8\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-d59d8ece4cd980dcdb5345b18488b3e8{\nheight:10px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-d59d8ece4cd980dcdb5345b18488b3e8 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":29110,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[329,546,545],"tags":[],"actions-thematique":[],"ressources_action":[],"actualites_action":[747],"actions_actions":[],"class_list":["post-29262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite-fert","category-home-page","category-news-en","actualites-pays-tunisia","actualites-thematique-experiment","actualites-thematique-agricultural-training","actualites-thematique-farm-advisory","actualites_action-gdaebn"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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